Chiyambi:
Chida ichi chingasinthe malamulo a masewerawa padziko lonse lapansi! Pa February 12, 2025, magazini yapamwamba yapadziko lonse ya Nature inafalitsa nkhani yosintha zinthu. Gulu la Peng Huisheng/Gao Yue ochokera ku Fudan University ku China linapanga chida chatsopano.Ukadaulo wa "kukonzanso" batri ya lithiamu, kuswa mfundo zachikhalidwe za kapangidwe ka mabatire a lithiamu kwa zaka zoposa 30, zomwe zimatha kukulitsa moyo wa batri ndi nthawi zoposa 10! Batire wamba wa lithiamu iron phosphate umasungabe 96% ya mphamvu yake pambuyo pa nthawi 11,818 zochapira ndi kutulutsa! Mukudziwa, mabatire a lithiamu omwe ali pamsika pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi 1000-2000.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kale Tesla inkafunika kusintha batire yake zaka 6-8 zilizonse, koma tsopano imatha kuyendetsedwa kwa zaka 60 popanda kuisintha! iPhone yanu ikhoza kuchajidwa ndikutulutsidwa nthawi 10,000 popanda kutaya mphamvu!
Kudzoza kwa ukadaulo wokonza mabatire kumachokera ku chithandizo cha anthu
Kodi kupeza kodabwitsa kumeneku kunabadwa bwanji?
Monga momwe timachitira ndi matenda a anthu, timayang'ana kwambiri kukonza mavuto akuluakulu a mabatire pamene tikuteteza ziwalo zawo zathanzi, "anatero Gao Yue, wofufuza ku Fudan University.
Poyamba, chifukwa chachikulu cha "kukalamba" kwa mabatire a lithiamu chinali kutayika kwa ma ayoni a lithiamu. Monga momwe kusowa kwa michere ina m'thupi la munthu kungayambitse matenda, mabatire amathanso kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito chifukwa cha kusowa zakudya m'thupi. Lingaliro lopambana la gululi ndi ili: Kodi tingabwezeretse ma ayoni a lithiamu omwe atayika mu batire monga kupereka jakisoni kwa wodwala?
AI imathandiza kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wofunikira wolinganiza mabatire
Komabe, kupeza "jakisoni" woyenera si ntchito yophweka. Molekyu yonyamulira iyi iyenera kukwaniritsa nthawi imodzi zofunikira kwambiri zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo:
- Kukhala ndi ntchito yoyenera ya electrochemical ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi owonongeka.
- Kusungunuka koyenera mu electrolyte.
- Ili ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwala.
- Kuchuluka kwa acidity, alkalinity, ndi reaction kinetics koyenera.
- Zinthu zowola ziyenera kukhala zotetezeka komanso zopanda vuto lililonse.
- Chofunika kwambiri, chiyenera kukhala chotsika mtengo komanso chosavuta kukulitsa kupanga.
Luntha lochita kupanga lapeza zinthu zofunika kwambiri
Popanda chitsanzo chilichonse chotsatira, gulu lofufuza linagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga. Anasintha mawonekedwe a mamolekyu ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina kuphunzira kuti apeze mayankho kuchokera ku zambiri za organic chemistry, electrochemistry ndi deta yaukadaulo wazinthu.
Ntchito yovutayi inapindula! Pambuyo pa zaka 4 akugwira ntchito mwakhama, pamapeto pake adapeza yankho labwino: CF3SO2Li (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate). Molekyu iyi ili ngati chonyamulira chaching'ono, chonyamula ma electron a lithiamu kumapeto kwina ndikutulutsa bwino ngati mpweya kumapeto kwina pambuyo poti mayendedwe atha.
Zotsatira za mayesowa n’zodabwitsa!
Mu kuyeseraku, batire yomwe idalandira "njira yolondola" iyi idagwirabe ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati fakitale ngakhale itatha kudzaza ndi kutulutsa mphamvu kwa maola 12000 mpaka 60000. Izi sizimangowonjezera nthawi ya batire, komanso zimapereka njira yothetsera vuto la kuipitsa mabatire ambiri.
Chosangalatsa kwambiri n'chakuti ukadaulo uwu watsegula mwayi watsopano kwathunthu:
Ndinakhazikitsa dongosolo la batri lopanda lithiamu cathode lomwe lili ndi voteji ya 3.0V komanso mphamvu yokwanira mpaka 1192 Wh/kg.
Anapanga batire ya polyacrylonitrile cathode pouch yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 388 Wh/kg.
Zotsatira Zakusintha
Kupambana kumeneku kudzasintha kwathunthu malamulo a masewerawa mumakampani atsopano amagetsi:
Zidzachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi, zidzachepetsa kwambiri kuipitsa chilengedwe komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutaya mabatire, ndikutsegula malingaliro atsopano opangira mabatire atsopano; chinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti mtengo wa ukadaulo uwu ndi waukulu kwambiri - ukuyembekezeka kukhala ndi ndalama zosakwana 10% ya mtengo wonse wa mabatire, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti uli ndi kuthekera kogwiritsidwa ntchito pamalonda ambiri!
Monga momwe wofufuza Gao Yue ananenera: Kaya ndi kukulitsa nthawi ya batri kapena kupewa kusiya kwakukulu ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe, "chithandizo cholondola" ichi chimapereka njira yothetsera vuto laukadaulo. Kafukufukuyu sangowonetsa mphamvu zatsopano za China pankhani ya mphamvu zatsopano, komanso akuwonetsa kufika kwa nthawi yatsopano. Posachedwapa, "nkhawa ya batri" ikhoza kukhala mbiri yakale. Tiyeni tiyembekezere kugulitsidwa kwa ukadaulo wosinthawu mwachangu momwe tingathere!
Pempho la Mtengo:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-energy.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Sucre:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-energy.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-28-2025